Size and presence
Wealthier municipalities have 5.6 times more network establishments per inhabitant than the poorest
Ratio between establishments of the measured networks per 100,000 inhabitants in the wealthiest and in the poorest quintile of municipalities, by GDP per capita
See the full table (5 rows)
| GDP per capita quintile | GDP per capita | Municipalities | Population in 2024 | Network establishments | Per 100,000 inhabitants | Municipalities with an establishment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poorest quintile | R$ 6,841 to R$ 21,889 | 2,117 | 42,193,106 | 2,863 | 6.8 | 30.7% |
| Second quintile | R$ 21,910 to R$ 34,702 | 1,124 | 42,839,084 | 9,378 | 21.9 | 48.8% |
| Third quintile | R$ 34,710 to R$ 52,781 | 1,159 | 42,480,572 | 13,331 | 31.4 | 54.2% |
| Fourth quintile | R$ 52,805 to R$ 72,474 | 608 | 41,243,634 | 15,601 | 37.8 | 60.7% |
| Wealthiest quintile | R$ 72,514 to R$ 679,627 | 562 | 43,827,354 | 16,767 | 38.3 | 59.1% |
The indicator ranks municipalities by GDP per capita, groups them into five bands of roughly equal population, each with about a fifth of Brazilians, and measures in each band how many active establishments of the 503 networks measured by the observatory there are per 100,000 inhabitants.
Presence rises with the municipality's income up to the fourth quintile and levels off in the last. In the quintile with the lowest GDP per capita, made up of 2,117 municipalities, there are 6.8 establishments per 100,000 inhabitants, and only 30.7% of the municipalities have any. In the second quintile density rises to 21.9, in the third to 31.4, and in the two highest-income quintiles it stands at 37.8 and 38.3.
The distribution complements the presence of networks in municipalities by size and the openings outside state capitals.
How we calculate
Each municipality's GDP per capita is its GDP at current prices for 2023 (SIDRA, table 5938) divided by the estimated population for 2024 (SIDRA, table 6579), the two most recent series available. Municipalities are ranked by this value and grouped into five successive bands until each one holds a fifth of the population. The establishments are the active ones that the observatory's census attributes to the measured networks, with the same trade name expression and the same CNAE (national classification of economic activities) subclasses as the network profile, in the open CNPJ (Brazilian company registry) data of Receita Federal (the federal tax authority), reference month October 2026, with the municipality converted to the IBGE (the national statistics institute) code.
What this figure does not show
- GDP per capita in municipalities with large industrial plants, mining or power generation is high without household income being high, and these municipalities fall into the upper quintiles.
- GDP is for 2023 and population for 2024, because there is no municipal population estimate for 2023.
- An establishment with a CNPJ is not a unit in operation, and the municipality is the one in the records, which may be the tax address.
- Only networks with at least 30 identified establishments are included.
Frequently asked questions
Are franchises more common in wealthier cities in Brazil?
Yes. Brazilian municipalities in the top quintile of GDP per capita have 38.3 establishments of the measured franchise networks per 100,000 inhabitants, compared with 6.8 in the bottom quintile of GDP per capita.
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Size and presenceOther indicators in the same group
Maintained by Marktech, which serves franchise networks and franchises. The brands cited belong to their owners and are mentioned here only to identify the network the data refers to.